Belajar bahasa inggris tenses

yap untuk belajar tenses kamu harus sudah memahami pemakaian tobe, penggunaan have/has/had dan was/were

 tobe : is,am,are

she is

he is

it is

i am

you are

they are

we are

i, she, he, it = was

you, they, we = were

i, you, they, we = have

he, she, it = has

I .

pada tenses di bagi menjadi 4 type yaitu simple, continuous, perfect, dan perfect continous

PRESENT TENSE

1. SIMPLE  = S + V1 + O (aktivitas yang kita lakukan setiap hari aktivitas sederhana)

contoh : she drive the car 

2. CONTINUOUS  = S + TOBE + V-ING + O (aktivitas yang sedang di lakukan)

contoh : she is driving the car 

3. PERFECT = S + HAVE/HAS + V3 + O (aktivitas yang sudah kita selesai lakukan dan dapat dilihat hasilnya)

contoh : she has driven the car

4. PERFECT CONTINUOUS = S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN +V-ING + O (aktivitas yang sudah dilakukan sejak lama dan masih berlanjut hingga saat ini)

contoh : she has been driving the car

PAST TENSE

1. SIMPLE = S + V2 + O (aktifitas sederhana yang pernah kita lakukan di masa lampau)

 time signal : yesterday, the day before yesterday, last, ago, one day, once upon a time, the other day, recently, formerly

contoh : she drove the car or last week my father bought a new camera

2. CONTINUOUS = S + WAS/WERE + V-ING + O (aktivitas yang dilakukan bersamaan di masa lampau) biasanya induk kalimat adalah simple past tense, lalu di akhiri continuous

times signal : when, after, before

contoh : when i came home yesterday, my father was reading a newspaper.

3. PERFECT = S + HAD +V3 + O (aktivitas yang selesai kita lakukan di masa lampau/ ada aktivitas yang terjadi terlebih dahulu. lalu ada kejadian lain) biasanya induk kalimat adalah simple past tense, lalu di akhiri perfect tenses atau sebaliknya

Time signalnya: before dan after, when.

contoh :  I had taken a bath before I went to school.

4. PERF CONT = S + HAD + BEEN + V-ING + O (aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung lalu muncul kejadian lain. atau aktivitas yang berlangsung beberapa lama (durasi))

biasanya induk/anak kalimat adalah simple past tenses

contoh : he had been studying the whole week before he went in  for the test.

FUTURE TENSE

1. SIMPLE = S + WILL + V1 + O (hal yang akan dilakukan di kemudian hari)

2. CONTINUOUS = S +WILL BE + V-ING + O (hal yang akan terjadi pada waktu tertentu di kemudian hari)

3. PERFECT = S + WILL HAVE + V3 + O (hal yang akan selesai pada waktu tertentu di kemudian hari)

4. PERF CONT = S + WILL HAVE BEEN + V-ING + O ( hal yang akan terjadi untuk beberapa kali kemudian hari ada hal baru yang akan terjadi lagi)

contoh : when the clocks strikes 'ten' this morning. she will have been working for exactly three hours

jika dilihat dari jenis tensesnya perfect tense selalu menggunakan kata kerja ke 3 (V3)

Perfcontinuous selalu menggunakan have/has/had been V-ing

continuous selalu v-ing

 future simple tense hanya beda menggunakan will karena future simple tenses merupakan kalimat yang akan datang di waktu tertentu

apabila kita lebih mendalami future tenses :

simple future tenses akan dibagi menjadi 3 type

i  = using shall/will + V1

ii = using tobe + going to + V1

iii = using tobe + v-ing

kita juga harus memahami kapan kita harus menggunakan simple tenses, continuous tense, perfect tense, atau perfect continous tense.

CONDITIONAL TENSES = IF CLAUSES (PENGANDAIAN)

dalam conditional tenses terdapat 3 jenis type

i = future tenses + present tenses

 = s + will + v1 IF s + v1 + o

ii =  future tenses + past tenses

= s+ would + v2 IF s + v2 + o

iii = future perfect tenses  + past perfect tenses

= s + would have + v3 IF  s + had + v3 + o

catatan :

type ii : "tobe" in the present unreal condition is always = were

if i were rich, i would buy a new car

or mean = i would buy a  new car if i am rich

CONDITIONAL WITHOUT IF

example type iii

i you had arrived earlier, you would have met the actress

had you arrived earlier, you would have met the actress

example type ii

if i were a king, i would rule my people wisely

were i a king, i would rule my people wisely

IF............ NOT = UNLESS

if she did not practise regulary, she wouldn't play so well

Unless she practised regulary, she wouldn't play so well

if they had not much money, they wouldn't have bought that car

unless they had much money, they wouldn't have bought that car

if you did not take a taxi, you would be late

unless you took a taxi, you would be late

done segini dulu ya rangkumannya hehehehe ^^